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E. Delpire is Associate Professor in the Departments of Anesthesiology and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and the Center for Molecular Neurosciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, T4202, Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232-2520.
Two isoforms of the cation-Cl cotransporter family are expressed in neurons and modulate neurotransmission. NKCC1, a Na+-K+-2Cl cotransporter, by raising internal Cl, is responsible for excitatory GABAergic activity in immature brain and in adult sensory neurons. KCC2, a neuronal-specific isoform of the K+-Cl cotransporter, by lowering internal Cl, is critical for inhibitory GABA responses in mature central nervous system neurons.
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