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1 Physiology and Functional Morphology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, and
2 Department of Physical Therapy, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5640
When the force applied to a muscle exceeds the force produced by the muscle it will lengthen, absorbing mechanical energy. These eccentric contractions, which result in both braking and storing elastic recoil energy in normal locomotion, require very little metabolic energy, yet they are characterized by high force production.
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