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August Krogh Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
Why and how do cells release ATP? It is not spilled energy. ATP becomes an extracellular regulator. Various cellular responses are initiated by purinergic receptors and signaling processes and are terminated by breakdown of ATP by ectonucleotidases. In epithelia, ATP regulates salt and water transport; other effects may be longer lasting.
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