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REVIEW

Aging of the Immune System as a Prognostic Factor for Human Longevity

Anis Larbi¹, Claudio Franceschi², Dawn Mazzatti³, Rafael Solana⁴, Anders Wikby⁵ and Graham Pawelec⁶

¹ University of Tübingen, Center for Medical Research,Tübingen, Germany;
² Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, and Department of Gerontological Research, Italian National Research Centre on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy;
³ Unilever Corporate Research, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, United Kingdom;
⁴ Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain;
⁵ Department of Natural Science and Biomedicine, School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden; and
⁶ University of Tübingen, Center for Medical Research, Tübingen, Germany anis.larbi{at}medizin.uni-tuebingen.de

Accumulating data are documenting an inverse relationship between immune status, response to vaccination, health, and longevity, suggesting that the immune system becomes less effective with advancing age and that this is clinically relevant. The mechanisms and consequences of age-associated immune alterations, designated immunosenescence, are briefly reviewed here.